Core Contracts Naming Transition
The following tables show the before and after variable names from all core MCD contracts.
MCD Units | Meaning |
---|---|
WAD | Number with 18 decimals (10^18) |
RAY | Number with 27 decimals (10^27) |
RAD | Number with 45 decimals (10^45) |
Vat | SAFEEngine |
---|---|
wards | authorizedAccounts |
rely | addAuthorization |
deny | removeAuthorization |
auth | isAuthorized |
hope | approveSAFEModification |
nope | denySAFEModification |
wish | canModifySAFE |
Ilk | CollateralType |
Ilk.Art | CollateralType.debtAmount |
Ilk.rate | CollateralType.accumulatedRate |
Ilk.spot | CollateralType.safetyPrice |
Ilk.line | CollateralType.debtCeiling |
Ilk.dust | CollateralType.debtFloor |
NaN | CollateralType.liquidationPrice (NEW) |
Urn | SAFE |
Urn.ink | SAFE.lockedCollateral |
Urn.art | SAFE.generatedDebt |
ilks | collateralTypes |
urns | safes |
gem | tokenCollateral |
dai | coinBalance |
sin | debtBalance |
debt | globalDebt |
vice | globalUnbackedDebt |
Line | globalDebtCeiling |
live | contractEnabled |
init | initializeCollateralType |
file | modifyParameters |
cage | disableContract |
slip | modifyCollateralBalance |
flux | transferCollateral |
move | transferInternalCoins |
frob | modifySAFECollateralization |
dink | deltaCollateral |
dart | deltaDebt |
fork | transferSAFECollateralAndDebt |
grab | confiscateSAFECollateralAndDebt |
heal | settleDebt |
suck | createUnbackedDebt |
fold | updateAccumulatedRate |
NaN | AddAuthorization (NEW) |
NaN | RemoveAuthorization (NEW) |
NaN | ApproveSAFEModification (NEW) |
NaN | DenySAFEModification (NEW) |
NaN | InitializeCollateralType (NEW) |
NaN | ModifyParameters (NEW) |
NaN | ModifyParameters (NEW) |
NaN | DisableContract (NEW) |
NaN | ModifyCollateralBalance (NEW) |
NaN | TransferCollateral (NEW) |
NaN | TransferInternalCoins (NEW) |
NaN | ModifySAFECollateralization (NEW) |
NaN | TransferSAFECollateralAndDebt (NEW) |
NaN | ConfiscateSAFECollateralAndDebt (NEW) |
NaN | SettleDebt (NEW) |
NaN | CreateUnbackedDebt (NEW) |
NaN | UpdateAccumulatedRate (NEW) |
Vow | AccountingEngine |
---|---|
wards | authorizedAccounts |
rely | addAuthorization |
deny | removeAuthorization |
auth | isAuthorized |
vat | safeEngine |
flapper | surplusAuctionHouse |
flopper | debtAuctionHouse |
NaN | postSettlementSurplusDrain (NEW) |
NaN | extraSurplusReceiver (NEW) |
sin | debtQueue |
NaN | debtPoppers (NEW) |
Sin | totalQueuedDebt |
Ash | totalOnAuctionDebt |
NaN | lastSurplusAuctionTime (NEW) |
NaN | lastSurplusTransferTime (NEW) |
NaN | surplusAuctionDelay (NEW) |
NaN | surplusTransferDelay (NEW) |
NaN | extraSurplusIsTransferred (NEW) |
wait | popDebtDelay |
dump | initialDebtAuctionMintedTokens |
sump | debtAuctionBidSize |
bump | surplusAuctionAmountToSell |
NaN | surplusTransferAmount (NEW) |
hump | surplusBuffer |
NaN | disableCooldown (NEW) |
NaN | disableTimestamp (NEW) |
NaN | protocolTokenAuthority (NEW) |
NaN | systemStakingPool (NEW) |
live | contractEnabled |
NaN | unqueuedUnauctionedDebt |
file | modifyParameters |
fess | pushDebtToQueue |
flog | popDebtFromQueue |
heal | settleDebt |
kiss | cancelAuctionedDebtWithSurplus |
flop | auctionDebt |
NaN | settleDebtAuction (NEW) |
flap | auctionSurplus |
NaN | transferExtraSurplus (NEW) |
cage | disableContract |
NaN | transferPostSettlementSurplus (NEW) |
NaN | AddAuthorization (NEW) |
NaN | RemoveAuthorization (NEW) |
NaN | ModifyParameters (NEW) |
NaN | ModifyParameters (NEW) |
NaN | PushDebtToQueue (NEW) |
NaN | PopDebtFromQueue (NEW) |
NaN | SettleDebt (NEW) |
NaN | CancelAuctionedDebtWithSurplus (NEW) |
NaN | AuctionDebt (NEW) |
NaN | AuctionSurplus (NEW) |
NaN | DisableContract (NEW) |
NaN | TransferPostSettlementSurplus (NEW) |
NaN | TransferExtraSurplus (NEW) |
Flap/per | Burning/Recycling/PostSettlementSurplusAuctionHouse |
---|---|
wards | authorizedAccounts |
rely | addAuthorization |
deny | removeAuthorization |
auth | isAuthorized |
NaN | AUCTION_HOUSE_TYPE (NEW) |
Bid | Bid |
Bid.bid | Bid.bidAmount |
Bid.lot | Bid.amountToSell |
Bid.guy | Bid.highBidder |
Bid.tic | Bid.bidExpiry |
Bid.end | Bid.auctionDeadline |
Kick | StartAuction |
bids | bids |
vat | safeEngine |
gem | protocolToken |
NaN | protocolTokenBidReceiver (only in the Recycling version) |
beg | bidIncrease |
ttl | bidDuration |
tau | totalAuctionLength |
kicks | auctionsStarted |
live | contractEnabled |
file | modifyParameters |
kick | startAuction |
tick | restartAuction |
tend | increaseBidSize |
deal | settleAuction |
cage | disableContract |
yank | terminateAuctionPrematurely (only in the Burning & Recycling versions) |
NaN | AddAuthorization (NEW) |
NaN | RemoveAuthorization (NEW) |
NaN | ModifyParameters (NEW) |
NaN | RestartAuction (NEW) |
NaN | IncreaseBidSize (NEW) |
NaN | StartAuction (NEW) |
NaN | SettleAuction (NEW) |
NaN | DisableContract (NEW) |
NaN | TerminateAuctionPrematurely (NEW) |
Flop/per | DebtAuctionHouse |
---|---|
wards | authorizedAccounts |
rely | addAuthorization |
deny | removeAuthorization |
auth | isAuthorized |
NaN | AUCTION_HOUSE_TYPE |
Bid | Bid |
Bid.bid | Bid.bidAmount |
Bid.lot | Bid.amountToSell |
Bid.guy | Bid.highBidder |
Bid.tic | Bid.bidExpiry |
Bid.end | Bid.auctionDeadline |
Kick | StartAuction |
bids | bids |
vat | safeEngine |
vow | accountingEngine |
gem | protocolToken |
beg | bidDecrease |
pad | amountSoldIncrease |
ttl | bidDuration |
tau | totalAuctionLength |
kicks | auctionsStarted |
NaN | activeDebtAuctions |
live | contractEnabled |
file | modifyParameters |
kick | startAuction |
tick | restartAuction |
dent | decreaseSoldAmount |
deal | settleAuction |
cage | disableContract |
yank | terminateAuctionPrematurely |
NaN | AddAuthorization (NEW) |
NaN | RemoveAuthorization (NEW) |
NaN | StartAuction (NEW) |
NaN | ModifyParameters (NEW) |
NaN | RestartAuction (NEW) |
NaN | DecreaseSoldAmount (NEW) |
NaN | SettleAuction (NEW) |
NaN | TerminateAuctionPrematurely (NEW) |
NaN | DisableContract (NEW) |
Flip/per | English/Fixed/IncreasingDiscountCollateralAuctionHouse |
---|---|
wards | authorizedAccounts |
rely | addAuthorization |
deny | removeAuthorization |
auth | isAuthorized |
NaN | AUCTION_HOUSE_TYPE (NEW) |
NaN | AUCTION_TYPE (NEW) |
Bid | Bid |
NaN | raisedAmount (NEW) (only in the FixedDiscount version) |
NaN | soldAmount(NEW) (only in the FixedDiscount version) |
Bid.bid | Bid.bidAmount (only in the English version) |
Bid.lot | Bid.amountToSell |
Bid.guy | Bid.highBidder (only in the English version) |
Bid.tic | Bid.bidExpiry (only in the English version) |
Bid.end | Bid.auctionDeadline |
Bid.usr | Bid.forgoneCollateralReceiver |
Bid.gal | Bid.auctionIncomeRecipient |
Bid.tab | Bid.amountToRaise |
NaN | Bid.currentDiscount (NEW) (only in the IncreasingDiscount version) |
NaN | Bid.maxDiscount (NEW) (only in the IncreasingDiscount version) |
NaN | Bid.perSecondDiscountUpdateRate (NEW) (only in the IncreasingDiscount version) |
NaN | Bid.discountIncreaseDeadline (NEW) (only in the IncreasingDiscount version) |
Kick | StartAuction |
bids | bids |
vat | safeEngine |
ilk | collateralType |
NaN | lastReadRedemptionPrice (only in the FixedDiscount version) |
NaN | minimumBid (NEW) (only in the FixedDiscount version) |
beg | bidIncrease (only in the English version) |
ttl | bidDuration (only in the English version) |
tau | totalAuctionLength |
kicks | auctionsStarted |
NaN | discount (NEW) (only in the FixedDiscount version) |
NaN | minDiscount (NEW) (only in the IncreasingDiscount version) |
NaN | maxDiscount (NEW) (only in the IncreasingDiscount version) |
NaN | perSecondDiscountUpdateRate (NEW) (only in the IncreasingDiscount version) |
NaN | maxDiscountUpdateRateTimeline (NEW) (only in the IncreasingDiscount version) |
NaN | lowerCollateralMedianDeviation (NEW) (only in the FixedDiscount version) |
NaN | upperCollateralMedianDeviation (NEW) (only in the FixedDiscount version) |
NaN | lowerSystemCoinMedianDeviation (NEW) (only in the FixedDiscount version) |
NaN | upperSystemCoinMedianDeviation (NEW) (only in the FixedDiscount version) |
NaN | minSystemCoinMedianDeviation (NEW) (only in the FixedDiscount version) |
cut | bidToMarketPriceRatio (only in the English version) |
spot | oracleRelayer |
pip | orcl/osm |
NaN | median (NEW) (only in the FixedDiscount version) |
Kick | StartAuction |
live | contractEnabled |
file | modifyParameters |
NaN | getDiscountedCollateralPrice (NEW) (only in the Fixed and Increasing Discount versions) |
NaN | getBoughtCollateral (NEW) (only in the Fixed and Increasing Discount versions) |
NaN | getSystemCoinFloorDeviatedPrice (NEW) (only in the Fixed and Increasing Discount versions) |
NaN | getSystemCoinCeilingDeviatedPrice (NEW) (only in the Fixed and Increasing Discount versions) |
NaN | getCollateralFSMAndFinalSystemCoinPrices (NEW) (only in the Fixed and Increasing Discount versions) |
NaN | getFinalBaseCollateralPrice (NEW) (only in the Fixed and Increasing Discount versions) |
NaN | getNextCurrentDiscount (NEW) (only in the IncreasingDiscount version) |
NaN | getCollateralBought (NEW) (only in the FixedDiscount version) |
NaN | buyCollateral (NEW) (only in the FixedDiscount version) |
kick | startAuction |
tick | restartAuction (only in the English version) |
tend | increaseBidSize (only in the English version) |
dent | decreaseSoldAmount (only in the English version) |
deal | settleAuction |
yank | terminateAuctionPrematurely |
NaN | bidAmount (NEW) |
NaN | remainingAmountToSell (NEW) |
NaN | forgoneCollateralReceiver (NEW) |
NaN | amountToRaise (NEW) |
NaN | AddAuthorization (NEW) |
NaN | RemoveAuthorization (NEW) |
NaN | StartAuction (NEW) |
NaN | ModifyParameters (NEW) |
NaN | BuyCollateral (NEW) |
NaN | SettleAuction (NEW) |
NaN | TerminateAuctionPrematurely (NEW) |
Join | BasicTokenAdapters |
---|---|
wards | authorizedAccounts |
rely | addAuthorization |
deny | removeAuthorization |
auth | isAuthorized |
GemLike | CollateralLike |
GemJoin | CollateralJoin |
vat | safeEngine |
ilk | collateralType |
gem | collateral |
dec | decimals |
live | contractEnabled |
cage | disableContract |
join | join |
exit | exit |
ETHJoin | ETHJoin |
DaiJoin | CoinJoin |
dai | systemCoin |
NaN | AddAuthorization (NEW) |
NaN | RemoveAuthorization (NEW) |
NaN | DisableContract (NEW) |
NaN | Join (NEW) |
NaN | Exit (NEW) |
Cat | LiquidationEngine |
---|---|
wards | authorizedAccounts |
rely | addAuthorization |
deny | removeAuthorization |
auth | isAuthorized |
NaN | safeSaviours (NEW) |
NaN | connectSAFESaviour (NEW) |
NaN | disconnectSAFESaviour (NEW) |
Ilk | CollateralType |
Ilk.flip | CollateralType.collateralAuctionHouse |
Ilk.chop | CollateralType.liquidationPenalty |
Ilk.dunk | CollateralType.liquidationQuantity |
box | onAuctionSystemCoinLimit |
litter | currentOnAuctionSystemCoins |
ilks | collateralTypes |
NaN | chosenSAFESaviour (NEW) |
NaN | mutex (NEW) |
live | contractEnabled |
vat | safeEngine |
vow | accountingEngine |
file | modifyParameters |
flip | collateralAuctionHouse |
cage | disableContract |
NaN | protectSAFE (NEW) |
bite | liquidateSAFE |
claw | removeCoinsFromAuction |
NaN | getLimitAdjustedDebtToCover (NEW) |
urn | safe |
rate | accumulatedRates |
ink | safeCollateral |
art | safeDebt |
dust | debtFloor |
grab | confiscateSAFECollateralAndDebt |
fess | pushDebtToQueue |
mink | collateralData |
gal | initialBidder |
tab | amountToRaise |
bid | initialBid |
Bite | Liquidate |
NaN | AddAuthorization (NEW) |
NaN | RemoveAuthorization (NEW) |
NaN | ConnectSAFESaviour (NEW) |
NaN | DisconnectSAFESaviour (NEW) |
NaN | UpdateCurrentOnAuctionSystemCoins (NEW) |
NaN | ModifyParameters (NEW) |
NaN | DisableContract (NEW) |
NaN | SaveSAFE (NEW) |
NaN | FailedSAFESave (NEW) |
NaN | ProtectSAFE (NEW) |
Spot/ter | OracleRelayer |
---|---|
wards | authorizedAccounts |
rely | addAuthorization |
deny | removeAuthorization |
auth | isAuthorized |
Ilk | CollateralType |
Ilk.pip | CollateralType.orcl |
Ilk.mat | CollateralType.safetyCRatio |
NaN | CollateralType.liquidationCRatio (NEW) |
ilks | collateralTypes |
vat | safeEngine |
par | redemptionPrice |
NaN | redemptionPriceUpdateTime (NEW) |
NaN | redemptionRateUpperBound (NEW) |
NaN | redemptionRateLowerBound (NEW) |
live | contractEnabled |
Poke | UpdateCollateralPrice |
file | modifyParameters |
NaN | updateRedemptionPrice (NEW) |
poke | updateCollateralPrice |
cage | disableContract |
NaN | AddAuthorization (NEW) |
NaN | RemoveAuthorization (NEW) |
NaN | DisableContract (NEW) |
NaN | ModifyParameters (NEW) |
NaN | UpdateRedemptionPrice (NEW) |
NaN | UpdateCollateralPrice (NEW) |
Jug | TaxCollector |
---|---|
wards | authorizedAccounts |
rely | addAuthorization |
deny | removeAuthorization |
auth | isAuthorized |
Ilk | CollateralType |
Ilk.duty | CollateralType.stabilityFee |
Ilk.rho | CollateralType.updateTime |
NaN | TaxReceiver (NEW) |
NaN | TaxReceiver.canTakeBackTax (NEW) |
NaN | TaxReceiver.taxPercentage (NEW) |
ilks | collateralTypes |
NaN | secondaryReceiverAllotedTax (NEW) |
NaN | usedSecondaryReceiver (NEW) |
NaN | secondaryReceiverAccounts (NEW) |
NaN | secondaryReceiverRevenueSources (NEW) |
NaN | secondaryTaxReceivers (NEW) |
vat | safeEngine |
vow | primaryTaxReceiver |
base | globalStabilityFee |
NaN | secondaryReceiverNonce (NEW) |
NaN | maxSecondaryReceivers (NEW) |
NaN | latestSecondaryReceiver (NEW) |
NaN | collateralList (NEW) |
NaN | secondaryReceiverList (NEW) |
init | initializeCollateralType |
file | modifyParameters |
NaN | addSecondaryReceiver (NEW) |
NaN | modifySecondaryReceiver (NEW) |
NaN | collectedAllTax (NEW) |
NaN | taxManyOutcome (NEW) |
NaN | secondaryReceiversAmount (NEW) |
NaN | isSecondaryReceiver (NEW) |
NaN | collateralListLength (NEW) |
NaN | taxSingleOutcome (NEW) |
drip | taxMany (NEW) / taxSingle |
NaN | splitTaxIncome (NEW) |
NaN | distributeTax (NEW) |
NaN | CollectTax (NEW) |
NaN | DistributeTax (NEW) |
NaN | AddAuthorization (NEW) |
NaN | RemoveAuthorization (NEW) |
NaN | InitializeCollateralType (NEW) |
NaN | ModifyParameters (NEW) |
NaN | AddSecondaryReceiver (NEW) |
NaN | ModifySecondaryReceiver (NEW) |
NaN | CollectTax (NEW) |
NaN | DistributeTax (NEW) |
Pot | CoinSavingsAccount |
---|---|
wards | authorizedAccounts |
rely | addAuthorization |
deny | removeAuthorization |
auth | isAuthorized |
pie | savings |
Pie | totalSavings |
dsr | savingsRate |
chi | accumulatedRates |
vat | safeEngine |
file | modifyParameters |
cage | disableContract |
drip | updateAccumulatedRate |
NaN | nextAccumulatedRate (NEW) |
join | deposit |
exit | withdraw |
NaN | AddAuthorization (NEW) |
NaN | RemoveAuthorization (NEW) |
NaN | RemoveAuthorization (NEW) |
NaN | DisableContract (NEW) |
NaN | Deposit (NEW) |
NaN | Withdraw (NEW) |
NaN | UpdateAccumulatedRate (NEW) |
End | GlobalSettlement |
---|---|
wards | authorizedAccounts |
rely | addAuthorization |
deny | removeAuthorization |
auth | isAuthorized |
vat | safeEngine |
cat | liquidationEngine |
vow | accountingEngine |
spot | oracleRelayer |
pot | coinSavingsAccount |
NaN | stabilityFeeTreasury (NEW) |
live | contractEnabled |
when | shutdownTime |
wait | shutdownCooldown |
debt | outstandingCoinSupply |
tag | finalCoinPerCollateralPrice |
gap | collateralShortfall |
Art | collateralTotalDebt |
fix | collateralCashPrice |
bag | coinBag |
out | coinsUsedToRedeem |
file | modifyParameters |
cage | shutdownSystem / freezeCollateralType |
skip | fastTrackAuction |
skim | processSAFE |
urn | safe |
owe | amountOwed |
free | freeCollateral |
thaw | setOutstandingCoinSupply |
flow | calculateCashPrice |
pack | prepareCoinsForRedeeming |
cash | redeemCollateral |
NaN | AddAuthorization (NEW) |
NaN | RemoveAuthorization (NEW) |
NaN | ModifyParameters (NEW) |
NaN | ShutdownSystem (NEW) |
NaN | FreezeCollateralType (NEW) |
NaN | FastTrackAuction (NEW) |
NaN | ProcessSAFE (NEW) |
NaN | FreeCollateral (NEW) |
NaN | SetOutstandingCoinSupply (NEW) |
NaN | CalculateCashPrice (NEW) |
NaN | PrepareCoinsForRedeeming (NEW) |
NaN | RedeemCollateral (NEW) |
Dai | Coin |
---|---|
wards | authorizedAccounts |
rely | addAuthorization |
deny | removeAuthorization |
auth | isAuthorized |
name | name |
symbol | symbol |
version | version |
decimals | decimals |
totalSupply | totalSupply |
balanceOf | balanceOf |
allowance | allowance |
nonces | nonces |
NaN | changeData (NEW) |
Approval | Approval |
Transfer | Transfer |
DOMAIN_SEPARATOR | DOMAIN_SEPARATOR |
PERMIT_TYPEHASH | PERMIT_TYPEHASH |
transfer | transfer |
transferFrom | transferFrom |
mint | mint |
burn | burn |
approve | approve |
push | push |
pull | pull |
move | move |
permit | permit |
DssCdpManager | GebSAFEManager |
---|---|
vat | safeEngine |
cdpi | safei |
urns | safes |
list | safeList |
owns | ownsSAFE |
ilks | collateralTypes |
first | firstSAFEID |
last | lastSAFEID |
count | safeCount |
cdpCan | safeCan |
urnCan | handlerCan |
List.prev | List.prev |
List.next | List.next |
NewCdp | NewSafe |
cdpAllowed | safeAllowed |
urnAllowed | handlerAllowed |
cdpAllow | allowSAFE |
urnAllow | allowHandler |
open | openSAFE |
give | transferSAFEOwnership |
ilk | collateralType |
frob | modifySAFECollateralization |
dink | deltaCollateral |
dart | deltaDebt |
flux | transferCollateral |
move | transferInternalCoins |
quit | quitSystem |
enter | enterSystem |
shift | moveSAFE |
NaN | protectSAFE (NEW) |
GetCdps | GetSafes |
---|---|
getCdpsAsc | getSafesAsc |
getCdpsDesc | getSafesDesc |
DssProxyActions | GebProxyActions |
---|---|
daiJoin_join | coinJoin_join |
apt | apt |
urn | safeHandler |
_getDrawDart | _getGeneratedDeltaDebt |
vat | safeEngine |
jug | taxCollector |
urn | safeHandler |
ilk | collateralType |
dart | deltaDebt |
_getWipeDart | _getRepaidDeltaDebt |
_getWipeAllWad | _getRepaidAlDebt |
transfer | transfer |
ethJoin_join | ethJoin_join |
gem | collateral |
gemJoin_join | tokenCollateralJoin_join |
hope | approveSAFEModification |
nope | denySAFEModification |
open | openSAFE |
give | transferSAFEOwnership |
giveToProxy | transferSAFEOwnershipToProxy |
cdpAllow | allowSAFE |
urnAllow | allowHandler |
flux | transferCollateral |
move | transferInternalCoins |
frob | modifySAFECollateralization |
quit | quitSystem |
enter | enterSystem |
shift | moveSAFE |
makeGemBag | makeCollateralBag |
NaN | protectSAFE (NEW) |
lockETH | lockETH |
safeLockETH | safeLockETH |
lockGem | lockTokenCollateral |
safeLockGem | safeLockTokenCollateral |
freeETH | freeETH |
freeGem | freeTokenCollateral |
exitETH | exitETH |
exitGem | exitTokenCollateral |
draw | generateDebt |
NaN | generateDebtAndProtectSAFE (NEW) |
wipe | repayDebt |
safeWipe | safeRepayDebt |
wipeAll | repayAllDebt |
safeWipeAll | safeRepayAllDebt |
lockETHAndDraw | lockETHAndGenerateDebt |
openLockETHAndDraw | openLockETHAndGenerateDebt |
NaN | openLockETHGenerateDebtAndProtectSAFE (NEW) |
lockGemAndDraw | lockTokenCollateralAndGenerateDebt |
NaN | lockTokenCollateralGenerateDebtAndProtectSAFE (NEW) |
openLockGemAndDraw | openLockTokenCollateralAndGenerateDebt |
NaN | openLockTokenCollateralGenerateDebtAndProtectSAFE (NEW) |
openLockGNTAndDraw | openLockGNTAndGenerateDebt |
NaN | openLockGNTGenerateDebtAndProtectSAFE (NEW) |
wipeAndFreeETH | repayDebtAndFreeETH |
wipeAllAndFreeETH | repayAllDebtAndFreeETH |
wipeAndFreeGem | repayDebtAndFreeTokenCollateral |
wipeAllAndFreeGem | repayAllDebtAndFreeTokenCollateral |
DssProxyActionsEnd | GebProxyActionsGlobalSettlement |
---|---|
_free | _freeCollateral |
end | globalSettlement |
freeETH | freeETH |
freeGem | freeTokenCollateral |
pack | prepareCoinsForRedeeming |
cashETH | redeemETH |
cashGem | redeemTokenCollateral |